Relación entre indicadores biomecánicos y psicofisiológicos y el rendimiento en una carrera de montaña vertical. (Relationship between biomechanical and psychophysiological indicators and performance in a vertical mountain race).

Autores/as

  • Lluc Montull Institut Nacional d’Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC), Barcelona, España.
  • Jordi Martín Institut Nacional d’Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC), Barcelona, España.
  • Toni Caparrós Institut Nacional d’Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC), Barcelona, España. SPARG Research Group, Universitat de Vic, Vic, España.
  • Josep Maria Padullés Institut Nacional d’Educació Física de Catalunya (INEFC), Barcelona, España.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v15i43.1396

Palabras clave:

Rendimiento, subida, bastones, potencia, eficiencia fisiológica

Resumen

Con el objetivo de conocer la relación entre indicadores biomecánicos y psicofisiológicos, así como las posibles diferencias psicofisiológicas pre-post y entre el uso o no de bastones con el rendimiento en las subidas en corredores de montaña, se realiza un estudio prospectivo y descriptivo de una carrera de montaña vertical. Para ello, se analizaron variables biomecánicas (velocidad, y manifestaciones de fuerza y potencia) y psicofisiológicas (lactato, frecuencia cardíaca y percepción subjetiva de fatiga) en un total de nueve (n = 9) corredores experimentados, divididos en dos grupos según su uso (n = 4) o no (n = 5) de bastones durante la carrera. Se realizan análisis no paramétricos para determinar las posibles relaciones entre variables, diferencias entre grupos y diferencias entre los valores psicofisiológicos previos y posteriores a la prueba. Los resultados no presentan diferencias ni correlaciones significativas (p < 0.05) de rendimiento entre los que usaron bastones o no. Hay diferencias significativas entre las variables psicofisiológicas previas y posteriores, además de relaciones del rendimiento (tiempo final y relación de tiempo con el primer clasificado) con mayor frecuencia cardíaca media y máxima, así como una menor acumulación de lactato. Se concluye que un mejor rendimiento en una carrera de montaña vertical se asocia a una mayor eficiencia fisiológica pero no a mayores manifestaciones de fuerza y potencia de salto en corredores entrenados.

===

In order to know the relationship between biomechanical and psychophysiological indicators, as well as the possible pre-post psychophysiological differences and the use of poles in the uphill performance on mountain runners, we performed a prospective and descriptive study of one vertical mountain race. Thus, it was analysed biomechanical (speed and strength/power manifestations) and psychophysiological variables (lactate, heart rate and subjective perception of fatigue) with a total of nine (n = 9) experienced runners divided into groups to use (n = 4) or not (n = 5) poles during the race. Nonparametric analyses were performed to observe the correlations between variables, the differences between groups and the differences between the psychophysiological values before and after the test. The results do not present significant (p < 0.05) differences or correlations of performance between those that used poles or not. There are significant differences between the psychophysiological variables pre and post, in addition they show correlations of performance (final time and relation of time with the first classified) with higher mean and maximum heart rate, as well as a lower lactate accumulation. It is concluded that a better performance in a mountain vertical race is associated to higher physiological efficiency but not to greater strength and power jump manifestations in trained runners.

Citas

Arteaga, R., Dorado, C., & Calbet, J. A. (2000). Reliability of jumping performance in active men and women under different stretch loading conditions. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 40(1), 26.

Baiget, E., Peña, J., Borràs, X., Caparrós, T., López, J., Marin, F., … Comerma, E. (2016). Effects of a trail mountain race on neuromuscular performance and hydration status in trained runners. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 58(1-2), 43-49. doi:10.23736/ S0022-4707.16.06792-X

Balducci, P., Clémençon, M., Morel, B., Quiniou, G., Saboul, D., & Hautier, C. A. (2016). Comparison of level and graded treadmill tests to evaluate endurance mountain runners. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 15(2), 239–246.

Balducci, P., Clémençon, M., Trama, R., Blache, Y., & Hautier, C. A. (2017). Performance Factors in a Mountain Ultramarathon. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 38(11), 819–826. doi:10.1055/s-0043-112342

Balsalobre-Fernández, C., Tejero-González, C. M., del Campo-Vecino, J., & Bavaresco, N. (2014). The Concurrent Validity and Reliability of a Low-Cost, High-Speed Camera-Based Method for Measuring the Flight Time of Vertical Jumps. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28(2), 528–533. doi:10.1519/JSC.0b013e318299a52e

Beattie, K., Carson, B. P., Lyons, M., Rossiter, A., & Kenny, I. C. (2016). The Effect of Strength Training on Performance Indicators in Distance Runners. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 44(6), 1–35. doi:10.1519/JSC.0000000000001464

Bernstein, G. A., & Garfinkel, B. D. (1992). The Visual Analogue Scale for Anxiety-Revised: Psychometric Properties. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 6(3), 223–239. doi:10.1016/0887-6185(92)90035-6

Bosco, C., Luhtanen, P., & Komi, P. V. (1983). A simple method for measurement of mechanical power in jumping. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 50(2), 273–282. doi:10.1007/ BF00422166

Buchfuhrer, M., Hansen, J., Robinson, T., Sue, D., Wasserman, K., & Whipp, B. (1983). Optimizing the exercise protocol for cardiopulmonary assessment. Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology, 55(5), 1558–1564.

Cai, Z. Y., Hsu, C. C., Su, C. P., Lin, C. F., Lin, Y. A., Lin, C. L., … Hsu, M. C. (2010). Comparison of lower limb muscle activation during downhill, level and uphill running. Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 18(3), 163–168. doi:10.3233/IES-2010-0379

Daviaux, Y., & Hintzy, F. (2012). Effect of using poles on foot–ground kinetics during stance phase in trail running. European Journal of Sport Science, 13(5), 468–474. doi:10.1080/17461391.2012.740505

Degache, F., Guex, K., Fourchet, F., Morin, J. B., Millet, G. Y., Tomazin, K., & Millet, G. P. (2013). Changes in running mechanics and springmass behaviour induced by a 5-hour hilly running bout. Journal of Sports Sciences, 31(3), 299–304. doi:10.1080/02640414.2012.729136

Farrell, P. A., Wilmore, J. H., Coyle, E. F., Billing, J. E., & Costill, D. (1979). Plasma lactate accumulation and distance runnning performance. Medicine and Science in Sports, 114, 338–344.

Foissac, M., Berthollet, R., Seux, J., Belli, A., & Millet, G. (2008). Effects of hiking pole inertia on energy and muscular costs during uphill walking. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 40(6), 1117–1125. doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318167228a

Gamberale, F. (1972). Perceived exertion, heart rate, oxygen uptake and blood lactate in different work operations. Ergonomics, 15(5), 545– 554. doi:10.1080/00140137208924456

García-Manso, J. M., Arriaza-Ardiles, E., Valverde, T., Moya-Vergara, F., & Mardones-Tare, C. (2017). Efectos de un entrenamiento concurrente de fuerza y resistencia sobre carreras de media distancia. Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte, 36(12), 221–227. doi:10.12800/ccd.v12i36.947

Garrido, R., González, M., Expósito, I., Sirvent, J., & García, M. (2012). Valores del Test de Bosco en Función del Deporte. PubliCE Standard. Retrieved from http://g-se.com/es/evaluacion-deportiva/articulos/valores-del-test-de-bosco-en-funcion-del-deporte-500

Ghosh, A. K. (2004). Anaerobic Threshold : Its Concept and Role in Endurance Sport. Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences, 11(1), 24–36.

Giovanelli, N., Ortiz, A. L., Henninger, K., & Kram, R. (2015). Energetics of vertical kilometer foot races, is steeper cheaper? Journal of Applied Physiology, 120, 370–375. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00546.2015

Goodwin, M. L., Harris, J. E., Hernández, A., & Gladden, L. B. (2007). Blood Lactate Measurements and Analysis during Exercise: A Guide for Clinicians. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, 1(4), 558– 569. doi:10.1177/193229680700100414

Häkkinen, K., Alen, M., Kraemer, W. J., Gorostiaga, E., Izquierdo, M., Rusko, H., … Paavolainen, L. (2003). Neuromuscular adaptations during concurrent strength and endurance training versus strength training. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 89(1), 42–52. doi:10.1007/s00421-002-0751-9

Harman, E. A., Rosenstein, M. T., Frykman, P. N., Rosenstein, R. M., & Kraemer, W. J. (1991). Estimation of Human Power Output from Vertical Jump. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 5(3), 116–120. Retrieved from http://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/Fulltext/1991/08000/ Estimation_of_Human_Power_Output_from_Vertical.2.aspx

Hoff, J., Gran, A., & Helgerud, J. (2002). Maximal strength training improve aerobic performance. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 12(5), 288–295. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0838.2002.01140.x

Hoffman, M. D., Ong, J. C., & Wang, G. (2010). Historical analysis of participation in 161km ultramarathons in North America. International Journal of the History of Sport, 27(11), 1877–1891. doi:10.1080/0952 3367.2010.494385

Descargas

Publicado

2020-03-05

Cómo citar

Montull, L., Martín, J., Caparrós, T., & Padullés, J. M. (2020). Relación entre indicadores biomecánicos y psicofisiológicos y el rendimiento en una carrera de montaña vertical. (Relationship between biomechanical and psychophysiological indicators and performance in a vertical mountain race). Cultura, Ciencia Y Deporte, 15(43), 27–34. https://doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v15i43.1396

Número

Sección

Artículos / Articles

Artículos similares

<< < 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 > >> 

También puede {advancedSearchLink} para este artículo.