Balance competitivo en las ligas europeas de baloncesto y la NBA. (Competitive balance in European basketball leagues and the NBA).
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v9i27.465Abstract
http://dx.doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v9i27.465
Las ligas deportivas dependen del equilibrio competitivo entre los equipos para ser atractivas para los espectadores, de ahí la aparición del balance competitivo. Por ello, las distintas ligas deportivas han adquirido diferentes formatos que determinarán su competitividad. El objetivo de este artículo es comparar el balance competitivo de la NBA y las principales ligas europeas, teniendo en cuenta la NBA en su conjunto y cada una de sus conferencias de forma independiente. Las variables utilizadas para medir el balance competitivo han sido el índice Hirschman-Herfindal y las ratios C5 y C8. Los resultados muestran un mejor balance competitivo de la NBA en conjunto respecto a las ligas europeas, sin embargo estas diferencias desaparecen al analizar las conferencias de forma independiente. Se concluye que al tener en cuenta cada una de las conferencias de forma independiente, con una estructura más similar a las ligas europeas, se presenta un balance competitivo parecido bajo los indicadores utilizados. Sin embargo, la NBA incluye limitaciones en la competición que siguen favoreciendo la posibilidad de que sea más atractiva para el espectador.
Palabras clave: Ligas deportivas, Hirschman-Herfindal,balance competitivo, baloncesto.
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Abstract
Sports leagues depend on competitive equilibrium between teams to make it attractive for the fans; from that comes competitive balance. Thus, sport leagues have acquired different structures that determine their competitiveness. The aim of this paper is to compare the competitive balance of the NBA and the primary leagues in Europe, given the NBA as a whole as well as each of its conferences individually. The measurements utilised were the Hirschman-Herfindahl index and the C5 and C8 ratios. The results demonstrate a better competitive balance in the NBA as a whole than in the European leagues; however, the differences disappear when each conference is analysed as an individual league. We conclude, then, that given each conference individually, with structures that are similar to the European leagues, there is a competitive balance, taking into consideration the indicators we have used. However, the NBA includes limitations in the competition that favour the possibility of being more attractive for the fans.
Key words: leagues, Hirschman-Herfindal, competitive balance, basketball.
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