Evaluación de un programa de entrenamiento de fuerza en personas con esclerosis múltiple. (Evaluation of resistance training program patients with multiple sclerosis)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v14i42.1340Keywords:
Entrenamiento de fuerza, equilibrio, composición corporal y calidad de vida.Abstract
Objetivo: evaluar los efectos de un programa de 10 semanas de entrenamiento de fuerza muscular en pacientes con Esclerosis Múltiple. Métodos: con un grupo de once sujetos (7 mujeres y 4 hombres) con esclerosis múltiple, con un rango en la puntuación de la escala “Expanded disability status scale” entre 6 y 8, edad media de 46.45 ± 6.89 años, se realizó un programa de fuerza de 10 semanas, a razón de dos sesiones por semana, complementadas con una sesión fisioterapéutica. La muestra fue dividida entre participantes ambulantes y no ambulantes. Se llevaron a cabo mediciones de fuerza, equilibrio, composición corporal y calidad de vida antes y después del programa de intervención. Resultados: se encontraron diferencias significativas en las variables de carga (kg), fuerza media total (N), fuerza máxima (N), potencia media total (W) en la prueba press de banca y sentadilla en el grupo ambulante, y en el grupo no ambulante en test de extensión de hombro; y en las variables de relaciones interpersonales, salud física y psicológica, en el cuestionario “WHOQOL-BREF”. No se observaron diferencias significativas en las variables de equilibrio y composición corporal. Conclusiones: un programa de entrenamiento de fuerza de 10 semanas de duración, en pacientes con esclerosis múltiple con una puntuación entre 6 y 8 en la escala “Expanded disability status scale” consiguió mejoras a nivel psicológico, social y físico. Con respecto a la fuerza, se encuentran mejoras que podrían mejorar la funcionalidad en la realización de las actividades de la vida diaria. Por otro lado, no se encontraron diferencias en el test del equilibrio y tampoco en la composición corporal de ambos grupos.
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Objective: To evaluate the effects of a 10-week resistance training program in patients. Methodology: A group of eleven subjects (7 women and 4 men) with multiple sclerosis with a range in the “Expanded disability status scale” score between 6 and 8, mean age 46.45 ± 6.89 years-old, participated in this investigation. It was carried out a 10-week resistance program, twice per week, complemented with a physiotherapy session. Sample was divided in walking group and in the non-walking group. Measurements of strength, balance, body composition and quality of life were taken before and after the intervention program. Results: Significant differences were found in the variables load (kg), total medium strength (N), maximum strength (N), total medium power (W) in the bench press and squat in the walking group and in shoulder extension test in the non-walking group; and interpersonal relationships, physical and psychological health, by the application of “WHOQOL -BREF” questionnaire. There were no significant differences in balance and body composition variables. Conclusion: The 10-week strength training program in patients with multiple sclerosis with a score between 6 and 8 on the scale “Expanded disability status scale” showed improvements at a psychological, social and physical levels. About strength variables, it was found improvements that could improve functionality in the activities of daily life. Furthermore, balance test and body composition did not show significant changes in both groups.
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