JENSEN’S PROBLEM OF GOVERNANCE REVISITED BY THE RELATIVE AGE EFFECT ON SPANISH FOOTBALL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v20i66.2334Palabras clave:
talent identification, Jensen's governance problem, theory of stakeholders, football academies, Sport Stock CorporationsResumen
Este estudio analiza el problema de la gobernanza de Jensen examinando el Efecto de la Edad Relativa (ERA) en el fútbol español. Hemos analizado los jugadores de las ocho mejores academias de fútbol españolas (n=736). Cuatro de las academias pertenecen a clubes y cuatro a Sociedades Anónimas Deportivas (SAD) y todas ellas juegan en la máxima categoría del fútbol español. Utilizamos la regresión de Poisson para identificar la presencia del ERA. La existencia del ERA es significativa (p<0,001) tanto en clubes como en las SADs. Según la teoría de la gobernanza de Jensen, las SADs deberían ser más eficientes, dado que la hipótesis de partida es que no se ven afectadas por el sesgo ERA, mientras que los clubes sí. Los resultados del estudio refutan el problema de gobernanza de Jensen y constituyen una nueva aportación a la teoría de los stakeholders. También se pone de manifiesto que el ERA es un sesgo que afecta notablemente a las academias de fútbol y a otros deportes con muchos participantes.
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