Influencia de las Variables Contextuales en las Demandas Cinéticas del Balonmano Playa Femenino de Élite: Un Estudio en Competición Internacional

Daniel Lara; Gustavo Andrés Sanz; Juan Ignacio Campora

doi:10.12800/ccd.v21i68.2655

Autores/as

Daniel Lara Federazione Italiana Giuoco Handball https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5083-0422
Gustavo Andrés Sanz
Juan Ignacio Campora

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v21i68.2655

Palabras clave:

balonmano playa, mujer, variables contextuales, carga externa, esprints

Resumen

Se estudió cómo las variables contextuales influyen en las demandas cinéticas de las jugadoras de balonmano playa durante el Campeonato Mundial de 2024. Se monitorizó a diez jugadoras de la selección argentina en ocho partidos. La carga externa se evaluó utilizando GPS PlayerTek+ (Australia). Los indicadores incluyeron esprints, aceleraciones y desaceleraciones y como variables contextuales el resultado del partido, dificultad del oponente. Se analizaron mediante ANOVA con pruebas post hoc de Tukey (p < .05). Las jugadoras promediaron 8.97 esprints, 33.61 aceleraciones y 22.48 desaceleraciones (2-3 m·s-²), 17.79 aceleraciones y 15.31 desaceleraciones (> 3 m·s-²) por partido. Se encontraron fuertes correlaciones entre los esprints, aceleraciones y desaceleraciones de alta intensidad (r = 0.55-0.81; p < .001), y una correlación negativa entre aceleraciones y desaceleraciones moderadas (r = –0.47; p < .001). Las victorias por 2-0 mostraron desaceleraciones más moderadas que las victorias por 2-1 (p = .025). Los partidos contra oponentes más débiles provocaron desaceleraciones más moderadas que los partidos contra oponentes más fuertes (p = .006). Las variables contextuales influyen significativamente en las exigencias cinéticas del balonmano playa. El resultado del partido, el nivel del oponente y el desarrollo de la competición determinan el equilibrio entre las acciones máximas y submáximas.

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