Herramienta de Observación del Clima Interpersonal Motivacional (OCIM) para docentes de Educación Física (Observational instrument for Interpersonal Motivational Climate (OCIM) for physical education teachers)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v15i46.1647Palabras clave:
motivación, teoría de la autodeterminación, estilos interpersonales, necesidades psicológicas básicas, metodología observacional (motivation, self-determination theory, interpersonal styles, basic psychological need, observational methodology)Resumen
Dada la importancia del clima motivacional en Educación Física, en el presente trabajo se expone el proceso de diseño y validación de una herramienta de “Observación del Clima Interpersonal Motivacional (OCIM)” para docentes de Educación Física. Dicha herramienta, basada en la Teoría de la Autodeterminación, ha seguido los principios establecidos en la metodología observacional. Para su creación se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica y un análisis de los instrumentos de observación que se han usado para medir los climas motivacionales hasta la actualidad. La herramienta ha sido diseñada ad hoc mediante un sistema mixto de formato de campos y categorías mutuamente excluyentes. Los resultados obtenidos mediante los índices Kappa y la Teoría de la Generalizabilidad han mostrado una fiabilidad satisfactoria y diferentes evidencias de validez. La OCIM permite conocer el grado en que los profesores/as apoyan o controlan las Necesidades Psicológicas Básicas (incluyendo la Novedad) y orientando así el clima motivacional interpersonal hacia un estilo de apoyo o control.
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Given the importance of the motivational climate in Physical Education, this paper presents the process of design and validation of an instrument of “Observation of the Motivational Interpersonal Climate (OCIM)” for Physical Education teachers. This instrument based on the Self-determination Theory has followed the principles established in the observational methodology. A bibliographic search and an analysis of the observation instruments to date about the motivational climate was carried out to create the OCIM. The tool ad hoc has been designed using a mixed system of field format and a system of categories mutually exclusive. The results obtained through the Kappa indices and the Generalizability Theory have shown satisfactory reliability and different evidence of validity. The OCIM allows to know the degree in which teachers support or controlling the Basic Psychological Needs (including Novelty) and orienting the interpersonal motivational climate towards the autonomy-supportive or controlling style.
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