Entrenamiento mediante sprints repetidos en futbolistas: Efectos sobre la capacidad de repetir sprint, salto y tiempo de reacción
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v16i49.1264Palabras clave:
resistencia a la velocidad, temporada competitiva, deportes de equipo, fases competitivas.Resumen
El entrenamiento de sprint repetidos parece ser una estrategia eficiente para el desarrollo simultáneo de diferentes componentes de la condición física en deportes intermitentes. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar los efectos de suplementar el entrenamiento habitual, mediante un entrenamiento basado en sprint repetidos, sobre la capacidad de repetir sprints (RSA), el tiempo de reacción en situación de fatiga y la capacidad de salto. Para ello veintisiete jóvenes futbolistas (edad 17.7 ± 0.7 años) fueron divididos en dos grupos y asignados a un grupo de entrenamiento (GER, n = 14) y a un grupo control (GC, n = 13). Ambos grupos realizaron cuatro semanas de idéntico entrenamiento, para posteriormente realizar cuatro semanas de la intervención específica GER (entrenamiento habitual más 3 sesiones semanales realizando 2 series de 8 repeticiones sobre 10-30 metros a la máxima intensidad) y continuar con el entrenamiento habitual GC durante las 4 últimas semanas de la temporada. No se mostraron efectos significativos en la mejora del tiempo medio (TE = -0.17; Posible Trivial) y el decrecimiento (TE = -0.11; poco claro) del test RSA, ni en la diferencia entre el tiempo de reacción del sprint 1 y 8 de un test RSA antes y después de la intervención (TE = 0.27; poco claro) mediante sprint repetidos. La suplementación del entrenamiento mediante sprint repetidos al final del macrociclo competitivo no mostró efectos significativos en la mejora del RSA ni en el tiempo de reacción en jóvenes futbolistas.
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