Influencia de los contenidos de meta sobre la intención de práctica de ejercicio físico en adolescentes: La importancia de aspirar a desarrollar habilidades

Manuel Alcaraz-Ibáñez; Imanol Carrascosa-Ruiz; Elena Martínez-Rosales; Rafael Burgueño

doi:10.12800/ccd.v17i52.1615

Autores/as

Manuel Alcaraz-Ibáñez Centro de Investigación en Salud, Universidad de Granada
Imanol Carrascosa-Ruiz Centro de Investigación en Salud, Universidad de Almeria.
Elena Martínez-Rosales SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
Rafael Burgueño Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Isabel I Departamento de Educación Física y Deportiva, Universidad de Granada.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v17i52.1615

Resumen

Basado en la teoría de la auto-determinación, este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la influencia de las diferentes metas intrínsecas (i.e., afiliación social, gestión de la salud y desarrollo de habilidades) y extrínsecas (i.e., imagen y reconocimiento social) sobre la intención de práctica de ejercicio en adolescentes. Participaron 282 estudiantes de educación secundaria obligatoria y bachillerato (146 hombres y 136 mujeres; Medad = 14.54, DTedad = 1.57). Los participantes completaron un cuestionario que incluía instrumentos que evaluaban metas específicas del contexto de la práctica de ejercicio físico, frecuencia de práctica durante los seis meses anteriores e intención futura de práctica. La relación hipotetizada fue testada mediante un análisis de regresión y moderación usando el macro PROCCES para SPSS y una técnica de bootstrappingde 5000 muestreos. Los resultados mostraron que, de las cinco metas consideradas, la alusiva al desarrollo de habilidades emergía como la única con potencial capacidad predictiva diferenciada sobre la intención futura de práctica de ejercicio, produciéndose esta relación de forma más evidente en chicas que en chicos. Las evidencias obtenidas sugieren que favorecer la persecución de metas relacionadas con la mejora de habilidades podría contribuir a aumentar la intención de práctica de ejercicio físico en población adolescente.

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