Dual career of junior athletes: Identifying challenges, available resources, and roles of social support providers (Carrera dual de deportistas junior: identificando retos, recursos disponibles, y roles de apoyo social)

Autores/as

  • Marcos López-Flores
  • Hee Jung Hong
  • Grzegorz Botwina

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v16i47.1673

Palabras clave:

Dual Career, junior athletes, students athletes, sport and education (Carrera Dual, deportistas junior, estudiantes deportistas, deporte y educación)

Resumen

Balancing between two different commitments, sport and education, has been demonstrated as one of the significant challenges for dual career athletes, namely student athletes. Since EU guidelines on dual careers of athletes was published, a number of studies have been conducted on the topic of dual careers. One of the Erasmus+ Sport projects, Dual Career for Junior Athletes (DCJA), has been designed to identify three main aspects regarding the dual career of junior athletes, aged between 15 and 19-year-old: the barriers and challenges, resources and skills, and the roles and views of the support staff of the student-athletes. Applying a two-fold methodology based on the literature and the EU funded projects reviews, the findings show that there is a clear need of further research on the topic of dual career focused on the junior athletes’ needs, coping strategies development, and general aspects of their life. The findings in this study will inform following studies of DCJA project to fill the research gaps identified.

===

El equilibrio entre dos compromisos diferentes, el deporte y la educación, ha sido evidenciado como uno de los desafíos importantes para los deportistas de carrera dual, denominados estudiantes-deportistas. Desde que se publicaron las directrices de la UE sobre la carrera dual de los deportistas, se han realizado una serie de investigaciones sobre el topic de la carrera dual. Uno de los proyectos Erasmus + Sport, Dual Career for Junior Athletes (DCJA) ha sido diseñado para identificar tres aspectos relativos a la Carrera Dual del deportista junior, comprendidos entre 15-19 años: las barreras y retos, los recursos y habilidades, y los roles y puntos de vista del personal de apoyo de los estudiantes-deportistas. Mediante una metodología de investigación doble, basada en la revisión de la literatura y de los proyectos financiados a nivel europeo, se obtuvieron hallazgos que muestran que existe una clara necesidad de más investigación en el tema de la carrera dual centrada en las necesidades, desarrollo de capacidades de afrontamiento y aspectos generales de la vida de los deportistas junior. Los hallazgos de este estudio sentarán la base para los siguientes estudios del proyecto DCJA para solventar los vacíos de investigación identificados.

Citas

Aarresola, O., Itkonen, H., & Laine, K. (2017). Young athletes’ significant experiences in sport: Critical sociological reflections on athlete development. European Journal for Sport and Society, 14(3), 265–285. https://doi.org/10.1080/16138171.2017.1349067

Baron-Thiene, A., & Alfermann, D. (2015). Personal characteristics as predictors for dual career dropout versus continuation—A prospective study of adolescent athletes from German elite sport schools. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 21, 42–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2015.04.006

Cairo, A. H., Green, J. D., Forsyth, D. R., Behler, A. M. C., & Raldiris, T. L. (2020). Gray (Literature) Matters: Evidence of Selective Hypothesis Reporting in Social Psychological Research. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 014616722090389. doi:10.1177/0146167220903896

Condello, G., Capranica, L., Doupona, M., Varga, K., & Burk, V. (2019). Dual-career through the elite university student-athletes’ lenses: The international FISU-EAS survey. PLoS One, 14(10), e0223278. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0223278

Cosh, S., & Tully, P. J. (2015). Stressors, Coping, and Support Mechanisms for Student Athletes Combining Elite Sport and Tertiary Education: Implications for Practice. Sport Psychologist, 29(2), 120–133. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.2014-0102

De Brandt, K. (2017). A holistic perspective on student-athletes’ dual career demands, competencies and outcomes: Published (Doctoral dissertation). (SASO; No. 12). VUBPRESS, Brussels.

De Brandt, K., Wylleman, P., Torregrossa, M., Defruyt, S., & Van Rossem, N. (2017). Student-athletes’ perceptions of four dual career competencies. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 26(4), 28–33. doi:10.1080/1612197X.2018.1511619

Defruyt, S., Wylleman, P., Kegelaers, J., & De Brandt, K. (2020). Factors influencing Flemish elite athletes’ decision to initiate a dual career path at higher education. Sport in Society, 23(4), 660–677. https://doi.org/10.1080/17430437.2019.1669324

Duty of Care in Sport Review. (2017). Duty of care in sport review – Independent report to government. Retrieved from https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/610130/Duty_of_Care_Review_-_April_2017__2.pdf.

European Commission. (2007). White Paper on Sport. Brussels: Directorate General for Education and Culture.

European Commission. (2012). EU guidelines on dual careers of athletes: Recommended policy actions in support of dual careers in high-performance sport (pp. 1–40). Retrieved from http:// ec.europa.eu/assets/eac/sport/library/documents/dual-career-guidelines-final_en.pdf.

Fernandes, A., Moreira, L., & Goncalves, C. (2019). Student-athletes identity and motivation towards Dual Career: the Context Matters. Kinesiologia Slovenica, 25(2), 15–29.

Fuchs, P. X., Wagner, H., Hannola, H., Niemisalo, N., Pehme, A., Puhke, R., Marinsek, M., Strmecki, A., Svetec, D., Brown, A., Capranica, L., & Guidotti, F. (2016). EUROPEAN STUDENT-ATHLETES’ PERCEPTIONS ON DUAL CAREER OUTCOMES AND SERVICES. Kinesiologia Slovenica, 22(2), 31–48.

Geraniosova, K., & Ronkainen, N. (2015). The Experience of Dual Career through Slovak Athletes’ Eyes. Physical Culture and Sport Studies and Research, 66(1), 53–64. https://doi.org/10.1515/pcssr-2015-0005

Graczyk, M., Wylleman, P. I., Nawrocka, A., Atroszko, P. A., Moska, W., Tomiak, T., & Krysztofiak, H. (2017). The importance of the type of sport and life experience in the dual career in elite sport based on the analysis of Poland. Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity, 9(4), 135–146. https://doi.org/10.29359/BJHPA.09.4.11

Harrison, G.E., Vickers, E., Fletcher, D., & Taylor, G. (2020). Elite female soccer players’ dual career plans and the demands they encounter. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology. doi:10.1080/10413200.2020.1716871

Kavoura, A., & Ryba, T. V. (2020). Identity tensions in dual career: The discursive construction of future selves by female Finnish judo athletes. Sport in Society, 23(4), 645–659. https://doi.org/10.1080/17430437.2019.1669325

Knight, C. J., Harwood, C. G., & Sellars, P. A. (2018). Supporting adolescent athletes’ dual careers: The role of an athlete’s social support network. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 38, 137–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2018.06.007

Kristiansen, E. (2017). Walking the line: How young athletes balance academic studies and sport in international competition. Sport in Society, 20(1), 47–65. https://doi.org/10.1080/17430437.2015.1124563

Kristiansen, E., & Houlihan, B. (2017). Developing young athletes: The role of private sport schools in the Norwegian sport system. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 52(4), 447–469. https://doi.org/10.1177/1012690215607082

Li, M., & Sum, R. (2017). A meta-synthesis of elite athletes’ experiences in dual career development. Asia Pacific Journal of Sport and Social Science, 6(2), 99–117. doi:10.1080/21640599.2017.1317481

Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & for the PRISMA Group. (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. BMJ, 339(jul21 1), b2535–b2535. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b2535

Morris, R., Cartigny, E., Ryba, T. V., Wylleman, P., Henriksen, K., Torregrossa, M., Lindahl, K., & Cecic-Erpic, S. (2020). A Taxonomy of Dual Career Development Environments in Europe. European Sport Management Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1080/16184742.2020.1725778

O’Neill, M., Calder, A., & Hinz, B. (2017). Student-athletes in my classroom: Australian teachers’ perspectives of the problems faced by student-athletes balancing school and sport. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 42(9), 160–178. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2017v42n9.10

Patrick, H., Ryan, A. M., Alfeld-Liro, C., Fredricks, J. A., Hruda, L. Z., & Eccles, J. S. (1999). Adolescents' commitment to developing talent: The role of peers in continuing motivation for sports and the arts. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 28, 741–763.

Perez-Rivases, A., Pons, J., Regüela, S., Viladrich, C., Pallarès, S., & Torregrossa, M. (2020). Spanish female student-athletes’ perception of key competencies for successful dual career adjustment. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197X.2020.1717575

Reints, A. (2011). Validation of the holistic athletic career model and the identification of variables related to athletic retirement. Brussels: Vubpress.

Ronkainen, N. J., & Ryba, T. V. (2018). Understanding youth athletes' life designing processes through dream day narratives. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 108, 42–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.06.005.

Ronkainen, N. J., Ryba, T. V., Littlewood, M., & Selänne, H. (2018). ‘School, family and then hockey!’ Coaches’ views on dual career in ice hockey. International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching, 13(1), 38–45. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954117712190

Rosen, P., Frohm, A., Kottorp, A., Friden, C., & Heijne, A. (2016). Too little sleep and an unhealthy diet could increase the risk of sustaining a new injury in adolescent elite athletes. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sms.12735.

Ryan, C., Thorpe, H., & Pope, C. (2017). The policy and practice of implementing a student–athlete support network: A case study. International Journal of Sport Policy, 9(3), 415–430. https://doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2017.1320301

Ryba, T. V., Stambulova, N. B., Selänne, H., Aunola, K., & Nurmi, J.-E. (2017). “Sport has always been first for me” but “all my free time is spent doing homework”: Dual career styles in late adolescence. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 33, 131–140. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2017.08.011

Sallen, J., Hemming, K., & Richartz, A. (2018). Facilitating dual careers by improving resistance to chronic stress: Effects of an intervention programme for elite student athletes. European Journal of Sport Science, 18(1), 112–122. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2017.1407363

Sánchez, A., García, J. A., Rosique, P. (2018). Modelo de carrera dual para el deportista-estudiante. En A. Sánchez, E. Isidori, J. L. Arias-Estero, & Bada, J. D. (Coords.), Modelo de carrera dual universitario. El caso de los deportistas-estudiantes. Cendea de Cizur: Aranzadi.

Sánchez-Pato, A., Isidori, E., Calderón, A., & Brunton, J. (2017). An innovative European sports tutorship model of the dual career of student-athletes. Guadalupe: UCAM.

Schubring, A., & Thiel, A. (2014). Coping With Growth in Adolescent Elite Sport. Sociology of Sport Journal, 31(3), 304–326. https://doi.org/10.1123/ssj.2013-0071

Skrubbeltrang, L. S., Karen, D., Nielsen, J. C., & Olesen, J. S. (2020). Reproduction and opportunity: A study of dual career, aspirations and elite sports in Danish SportsClasses. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 55(1), 38–59. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1177/1012690218789037

Sorkkila, M., Aunola, K., & Ryba, T. V. (2017). A person-oriented approach to sport and school burnout in adolescent student-athletes: The role of individual and parental expectations. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 28, 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2016.10.004

Stambulova, N. B., & Wylleman, P. (2015). Dual Career Development and Transitions. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 21, 1–3. doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2015.05.003.

Stambulova, N. B., Engstrom, C., Franck, A., Linner, L., & Lindahl, K. (2015). Searching for an optimal balance: Dual career experiences of Swedish adolescent athletes. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 21, 4–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2014.08.009

Torregrossa, M., Regüela, S., & Mateos, M. (2020). Career assistance programs. In D. Hackfort & R. J. Schinke (Eds.), The Routledge international encyclopedia of sport and exercise psychology. London: Routledge.

Thomsen, K. R., & Nørgaard, J. (2020). Grades for goals? Challenging associations between educational engagement and improved football performance among Danish male elite players. Soccer and Society, 21(2), 152–165. https://doi.org/10.1080/14660970.2018.1541798

Wendling, E., Flaherty, M., Sagas, M., & Kaplanidou, K. (2018). Youth athletes’ sustained involvement in elite sport: An exploratory examination of elements affecting their athletic participation. International Journal of Sports Science and Coaching, 13(5), 658–673. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954118757436

Wylleman, P. & Lavallee, D. (2004). A developmental perspective on transitions faced by athletes. In: Weiss MR (ed.) Developmental Sport and Exercise Psychology: A Lifespan Perspective. Morgantown, WV: Fitness Information Technology, pp.503–523.

Wylleman, P., & Rosier, N. (2016). Holistic Perspective on the Development of Elite Athletes. In Sport and Exercise Psychology Research: From Theory to Practice, edited by M. Raab, P. Wylleman, R. Seiler, A.-M. Elbe, & A. Hatzigeorgiadis, 269–288. London: Elsevier.

Descargas

Publicado

2021-02-25

Cómo citar

López-Flores, M., Jung Hong, H., & Botwina, G. (2021). Dual career of junior athletes: Identifying challenges, available resources, and roles of social support providers (Carrera dual de deportistas junior: identificando retos, recursos disponibles, y roles de apoyo social). Cultura, Ciencia Y Deporte, 16(47), 117–129. https://doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v16i47.1673

Artículos similares

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 > >> 

También puede {advancedSearchLink} para este artículo.